Ventilator associated pneumonia: pathobiological heterogeneity and diagnostic challenges Nature Communications Evidence Based Practices to Prevent Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in an Intensive Care Unit in Bangladesh The Challenge. The Evidence. The Solution. Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) remains a serious clinical issue in UK ICUs with NHS England data estimating 3,0006,000 deaths per year and treatment costs of 10,00020,000 Diagnosis, management and treatment of nosocomial pneumonia in ICU Serene Diagnosing ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP) in UK NHS ICUs: the perceived value and role of a novel optical technology Diagnostic and Prognostic Research Springer Nature Link Ventilator associated pneumonia: mechanisms, an appraisal of current therapies and the role for inhaled antibiotics in prevention and treatment ScienceDirect